Scaling & Polishing
Scaling and polishing is a treatment for removing dental plaque, tartar, and extrinsic stains from the teeth’s exterior surface. Scaling and polishing cleans your teeth and helps to prevent and control gum disease. If there are many stains on the outer surface of the teeth, teeth may seem lighter after scaling and polishing. Because the yellow colour comes from inside the tooth, there will be no changes after teeth cleaning if the intrinsic colour of the teeth is quite yellow.
Scaling
Plaque and calculus deposits are gently removed using specialised equipment that do not hurt your teeth. Vibrations are used by the ultrasonic scaler to release hardened tartar that has stuck to the teeth/in between the teeth. Debris is also washed away with water spray. During the scaling process, the scaler may emit a high-pitched buzzing sound.
Polishing
After scaling, polishing is frequently done to eliminate stains and make your teeth feel smooth and shiny. Polishing is done with a spinning soft rubber cup. Prophylaxis paste is a toothpaste-like substance that is scooped into the cup and swirled around on the teeth.
Root Planning
The four main components of teeth are dentin, cementum, enamel, and dental pulp.
Periodontitis damages the cementum, dentin, or both as the disease progresses. Root planning is a method of removing subgingival microorganisms and smoothing rough surfaces. Root planning is a procedure in which the dentist cleans deep behind the gums to eliminate plaque and tartar accumulation on the roots of teeth where the infection has impacted the bones. Cementum, the calcified coating that covers a tooth’s root, is fully removed during planning. A little superficial layer of dentin, which is the second layer of a tooth beneath the enamel, may also be removed during the treatment.
Flap Surgery
Flap surgery is a plastic and reconstructive surgery procedure that involves removing any type of tissue from a donor site and moving it to a recipient site with an unbroken blood supply. A graft, on the other hand, lacks an entire blood supply and must rely on the formation of new blood vessels.
A flap treatment cleans a tooth’s roots and heals gum disease-related bone loss. The procedure is usually performed by a gum specialist (periodontist) or an oral surgeon. You will be given a local anaesthetic to numb the area where the doctor will work on your gums before the surgery. The doctor will take back a part of your gums to clean your teeth’s roots and, if necessary, replace damaged bone. To halt the bleeding, the gum flap will be sewed back into place and wrapped with gauze.
Frenectomy
The treatment to remove the connective tissue (called the frenum) at the top or bottom of the mouth, specifically under the tongue or the upper gums, is known as a frenectomy. Frenectomies are most commonly performed on children who have speech, feeding, or orthodontic issues.
Frenectomies are divided into two categories:
Maxillary frenectomy : The portion of tissue linking the top gums to the front teeth, also known as a lip-tie, is removed during this treatment, which is also known as a labial frenectomy.
Lingual frenectomy : The tongue-tie, or tissue linking the underside of the tongue to the floor of the mouth, is removed during this treatment.
Laser Treatment
Laser therapy isn’t a stand-alone treatment; it’s used in conjunction with other treatments. Your periodontist will use a laser to reach and remove inflammatory gum tissue from around your tooth’s root during periodontal laser therapy. The tartar and plaque that has accumulated up beneath and around your gumline is then removed. They next smooth away any rough places on your teeth above and below the gumline with a separate tool. Removing these rough patches reduces the likelihood of your teeth and gums attracting more bacteria and developing infections in the future. Your mouth will require time to recover and renew after laser therapy. Your gums should be infection-free and able to tighten around your teeth like a turtleneck around your neck during this healing phase.